Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 15, No. 263.
Centre for Computing in the Humanities, King's College London
<http://www.princeton.edu/~mccarty/humanist/>
<http://www.kcl.ac.uk/humanities/cch/humanist/>
[1] From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi (44)
<tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de>
Subject: Understanding Intelligence
[2] From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi (17)
<tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de>
Subject: Cognitive Modeling
[3] From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi (38)
<tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de>
Subject: A Critique of Cognitivism -with Review
[4] From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi (50)
<tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de>
Subject: Important papers of Terry Winograd
--[1]------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2001 10:25:43 +0100
From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi
<tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de>
Subject: Understanding Intelligence
Dear humanist researchers,
From Bradford Books
Understanding Intelligence by Rolf Pfeifer and Christian Scheier
(September 2001, ISBN 0-262-66125-X, MIT Press)
"People trained in classical AI will find this book an articulate and
thought-provoking challenge to much that they have taken for granted.
People new to cognitive science will find it a stimulating introduction to
one of the field's most productive controversies. Pfeifer and Scheier
deserve our thanks for a thorough, assessible, and courteous contribution
in the best tradition of scholarly debate." -- H. Van Dyke, Computing
Reviews
By the mid-1980s researchers from artificial intelligence, computer
science, brain and cognitive science, and psychology realized that the
idea of computers as intelligent machines was inappropriate. The brain
does not run "programs"; it does something entirely different. But what?
Evolutionary theory says that the brain has evolved not to do mathematical
proofs but to control our behavior, to ensure our survival. Researchers
now agree that intelligence always manifests itself in behavior--thus it
is behavior that we must understand. An exciting new field has grown
around the study of behavior-based intelligence, also known as embodied
cognitive science, "new AI," and "behavior-based AI."
This book provides a systematic introduction to this new way of thinking.
After discussing concepts and approaches such as subsumption architecture,
Braitenberg vehicles, evolutionary robotics, artificial life,
self-organization, and learning, the authors derive a set of principles
and a coherent framework for the study of naturally and artificially
intelligent systems, or autonomous agents. This framework is based on a
synthetic methodology whose goal is understanding by designing and
building.
The book includes all the background material required to understand the
principles underlying intelligence, as well as enough detailed information
on intelligent robotics and simulated agents so readers can begin
experiments and projects on their own. The reader is guided through a
series of case studies that illustrate the design principles of embodied
cognitive science.
More endorsements:
"Understanding Intelligence is a comprehensive and highly readable
introduction to embodied cognitive science. It will be particularly
helpful for people interested in getting involved in the construction of
intelligent agents." -- Arthur B. Markman, Science
Details about the book is at
<http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?sid=63B8C5AC-5065-4D5A-956D-53255C23BE95&ttype=2&tid=8566>
Thanks again.
Sincerely yours
Arun Tripathi
--[2]------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2001 10:26:17 +0100
From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi
<tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de>
Subject: Cognitive Modeling
Dear humanists,
From Bradford Books: Cognitive Modeling Edited by Thad A. Polk and Colleen
M. Seifert (November 2001, ISBN 0-262-66116-0, MIT Press)
Computational modeling plays a central role in cognitive science. This
book provides a comprehensive introduction to computational models of
human cognition. It covers major approaches and architectures, both neural
network and symbolic; major theoretical issues; and specific computational
models of a variety of cognitive processes, ranging from low-level (e.g.,
attention and memory) to higher-level (e.g., language and reasoning). The
articles included in the book provide original descriptions of
developments in the field. The emphasis is on implemented computational
models rather than on mathematical or nonformal approaches, and on
modeling empirical data from human subjects.
Details about the book can be found here
Thank you.
Best Regards
Arun Tripathi
--[3]------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2001 10:26:53 +0100
From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi
<tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de>
Subject: A Critique of Cognitivism -with Review
Dear humanists,
I thought, this might interest you..
The Mind's Provisions: A Critique of
Cognitivism by Vincent Descombes Translated by Stephen Adam Schwartz
(Princeton University Press) <December 2001>
Vincent Descombes brings together an astonishingly large body of
philosophical and anthropological thought to present a thoroughgoing
critique of contemporary cognitivism and to develop a powerful new
philosophy of the mind.
Beginning with a critical examination of American cognitivism and French
structuralism, Descombes launches a more general critique of all
philosophies that view the mind in strictly causal terms and suppose that
the brain--and not the person--thinks. Providing a broad historical
perspective, Descombes draws surprising links between cognitivism and
earlier anthropological projects, such as Lvi-Strauss's work on the
symbolic status of myths. He identifies as incoherent both the belief that
mental states are detached from the world and the idea that states of mind
are brain states; these assumptions beg the question of the relation
between mind and brain.
In place of cognitivism, Descombes offers an anthropologically based
theory of mind that emphasizes the mind's collective nature. Drawing on
Wittgenstein, he maintains that mental acts are properly attributed to the
person, not the brain, and that states of mind, far from being detached
from the world, require a historical and cultural context for their very
intelligibility.
Available in English for the first time, this is the most outstanding work
of one of France's finest contemporary philosophers. It provides a
much-needed link between the continental and Anglo-American traditions,
and its impact will extend beyond philosophy to anthropology, psychology,
critical theory, and French studies.
Vincent Descombes is the author of Modern French Philosophy, Objects of
All Sorts: A Philosophical Grammar, Proust: Philosophy of the Novel, and
The Barometer of Modern Reason: On the Philosophies of Current Events.
Stephen Adam Schwartz, who teaches in the Department of French, University
College Dublin, translated Descombe's The Barometer of Modern Reason.
---- Thank you.. Best Regards Arun Tripathi--[4]------------------------------------------------------------------ Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2001 10:30:55 +0100 From: Arun-Kumar Tripathi <tripathi@amadeus.statistik.uni-dortmund.de> Subject: Important papers of Terry Winograd
Dear Prof. Willard McCarty,
Below are some interesting papers written by Prof. Terry Winograd --who has also authored books, "Understanding Natural Language, Academic Press, 1972.", "Language as a Cognitive Process: Syntax, Addison-Wesley, 1983." and with 'Dr. Fernando Flores, "Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design Addison-Wesley, 1987"
a) Interaction Spaces for 21st Century Computing Terry Winograd, Stanford University, A further edited version of this will appear in John Carroll, Ed., HCI in the New Millennium, Addison Wesley, in press. Version of August, 2000
<http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/papers/21st/>
b> From Computing Machinery to Interaction Design Terry Winograd Stanford University Published online by permission from Peter Denning and Robert Metcalfe (eds.), Beyond Calculation: The Next Fifty Years of Computing, Springer-Verlag, 1997, 149-162.
<http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/papers/acm97.html>
c> Perspectives on Interfaces for Digital Libraries Terry Winograd, Andreas Paepcke, and Steve Cousins Stanford University Version of January 27 DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION, DO NOT CITE OR DISTRIBUTE
<http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/papers/dig.html>
d) Understanding, Orientations, and Objectivity Tery Winograd, Stanford University
Pre-final DRAFT of a chapter to appear in a volume on John Searle's Chinese Room argument, edited by John Preston and Mark Bishop, to be published by Oxford University Press
<http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/papers/searle-prefinal.html>
e) Thinking machines: Can there be? Are we? Terry Winograd published in James Sheehan and Morton Sosna, eds., The Boundaries of Humanity: Humans, Animals, Machines, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991 pp. 198-223.
Reprinted in D. Partridge and Y. Wilks, The Foundations of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990, pp. 167-189.
<http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/papers/thinking-machines.html>
I hope, above papers may help many researchers in their academic studies. Thank you..
With best regards, Arun Tripathi Research Assistant Technical University of Darmstadt Germany
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